An end suction fire pump is a type of centrifugal pump commonly used in fire protection systems to supply water at high pressure for firefighting. Here’s a breakdown of its key features and operation:
1. Basic Design
- Single Suction Inlet: Water enters the pump through a single inlet (suction side) located at the end of the pump casing (hence "end suction").
- Discharge Outlet: Pressurized water exits perpendicular to the shaft (typically at a 90° angle from the inlet).
- Impeller: A rotating component that accelerates water outward using centrifugal force.
2. How It Works
- Water flows axially into the pump (parallel to the shaft).
- The impeller spins, forcing water radially outward into the volute casing.
- Pressure builds as water is pushed toward the discharge outlet.
3. Common Applications
- Fire Sprinkler Systems (NFPA 20 compliant)
- Standpipe Systems
- Fire Hydrant Boosters
- Water Supply for Fire Trucks
4. Advantages
- Simple & Compact: Fewer moving parts, easy maintenance.
- Efficient: Good for high-flow, moderate-pressure applications.
- Reliable: Commonly used in fire protection due to durability.
5. Standards & Compliance
- Must meet NFPA 20 (Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection).
- Often UL Listed /FM Approved for fire safety.
Conclusion
End suction fire pumps are a staple in fire protection systems due to their efficiency, simplicity, and reliability. They are ideal for applications requiring steady water flow at consistent pressure.
